Cancer is a global health issue threatening people's lives. Currently, cancer detection methods still have a lot of room for improvement in both efficiency and accuracy. The development and application of new technologies are urgently required for early cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a type of phospholipid bilayer vesicle secreted by cells and play an important role in cancer development and metastasis. These small vesicles participate in cancer information transmission, antigen presentation, angiogenesis, immune response, tumor invasion, and mediate signaling pathways in the tumor microenvironment. Liquid biopsy of EV cargo contents is a fast-developing research area, holding promise for early cancer diagnosis and monitoring cancer progression in real-time. However, current EV detection technologies for clinical translation are still facing many challenges. Recent advancements in developing techniques for EV isolation and detection have made significant progress and are paving the way toward clinical application. Here, the advantages and limitations of traditional EV detection and isolation technologies in cancer diagnosis and prognosis are reviewed. The review also focuses on emerging EV detection and isolation technologies in cancer, discusses the challenges faced by current methods, and explores the perspective of new EV detection techniques for future cancer diagnosis.
Author Info:
(1) The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China. Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Di
sease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China. Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China. (2) The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China. Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China. Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China. Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Innovative Technologies and Diagnostic and Therapeutic Equipment for Urinary System Diseases, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China. (3) Laboratory of Advanced Theranostic Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE) of the Chinese, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, China. (4) Laboratory of Advanced Theranostic Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE) of the Chinese, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315000, China. (5) Cancer Care Centre, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia. St. George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia. (6) The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China. Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Urological Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China. Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China. Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Innovative Technologies and Diagnostic and Therapeutic Equipment for Urinary System Diseases, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
Citation: Small 2024 Dec 15 e2405872 Epub12/15/2024
