Galectin-1 fosters an immunosuppressive microenvironment in colorectal cancer by reprogramming CD8+ regulatory T cells
Spotlight (1) Cagnoni AJ (2) Giribaldi ML (3) Blidner AG (4) Cutine AM (5) Gatto SG (6) Morales RM (7) Salatino M (8) Abba MC (9) Croci DO (10) Mariño KV (11) Rabinovich GA
Using an inflammation-driven CRC model, Cagnoni and Giribaldi et al. showed that Galectin-1 (Lgals1)-/- mice had fewer colon tumors and CD8+CD122+PD-1+ Tregs than WT mice. Healthy Lgals1-/- mice exhibited fewer CD8+CD122+ PD-1+ Tregs, and those Tregs inhibited co-cultured effector T cell functions less than those from WT mice. In a syngeneic CRC model, s.c. tumor growth was slowest if the hosts and injected tumor cells were Galectin-1-deficient, and the Lgals1-/- hosts had fewer and more attenuated CD8+CD122+ PD-1+ Tregs compared to WT hosts. Analysis of CRC data in TCGA showed poor prognosis associated with high Galectin-1 expression and high CD8+ Treg scores.
Contributed by Paula Hochman
(1) Cagnoni AJ (2) Giribaldi ML (3) Blidner AG (4) Cutine AM (5) Gatto SG (6) Morales RM (7) Salatino M (8) Abba MC (9) Croci DO (10) Mariño KV (11) Rabinovich GA
Using an inflammation-driven CRC model, Cagnoni and Giribaldi et al. showed that Galectin-1 (Lgals1)-/- mice had fewer colon tumors and CD8+CD122+PD-1+ Tregs than WT mice. Healthy Lgals1-/- mice exhibited fewer CD8+CD122+ PD-1+ Tregs, and those Tregs inhibited co-cultured effector T cell functions less than those from WT mice. In a syngeneic CRC model, s.c. tumor growth was slowest if the hosts and injected tumor cells were Galectin-1-deficient, and the Lgals1-/- hosts had fewer and more attenuated CD8+CD122+ PD-1+ Tregs compared to WT hosts. Analysis of CRC data in TCGA showed poor prognosis associated with high Galectin-1 expression and high CD8+ Treg scores.
Contributed by Paula Hochman
ABSTRACT: Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the third most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although immunotherapy has taken center stage in mainstream oncology, it has shown limited clinical efficacy in CRC, generating an urgent need for discovery of new biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. Galectin-1 (Gal-1), an endogenous glycan-binding protein, induces tolerogenic programs and contributes to tumor cell evasion of immune responses. Here, we investigated the relevance of Gal-1 in CRC and explored its modulatory activity within the CD8(+) regulatory T cell (Treg) compartment. Mice lacking Gal-1 (Lgals1 (-/-) ) developed a lower number of tumors and showed a decreased frequency of a particular population of CD8(+)CD122(+)PD-1(+) Tregs in the azoxymethane-dextran sodium sulfate model of colitis-associated CRC. Moreover, silencing of tumor-derived Gal-1 in the syngeneic CT26 CRC model resulted in reduced number and attenuated immunosuppressive capacity of CD8(+)CD122(+)PD-1(+) Tregs, leading to slower tumor growth. Moreover, stromal Gal-1 also influenced the fitness of CD8(+) Tregs, highlighting the contribution of both tumor and stromal-derived Gal-1 to this immunoregulatory effect. Finally, bioinformatic analysis of a colorectal adenocarcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset revealed a particular signature characterized by high CD8(+) Treg score and elevated Gal-1 expression, which delineates poor prognosis in human CRC. Our findings identify CD8(+)CD122(+)PD-1(+) Tregs as a target of the immunoregulatory activity of Gal-1, suggesting a potential immunotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of CRC.
Author Info: (1) Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional y Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires
Author Info: (1) Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional y Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina. Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina. (2) Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina. (3) Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina. (4) Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional y Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina. Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina. Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina. (5) Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina. (6) Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina. (7) Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina. (8) Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, C1900 La Plata, Argentina. (9) Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, M5500 Mendoza, Argentina. (10) Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional y Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina (11) Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina. Laboratorio de Inmuno-Oncología Traslacional, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021 May 25 118: Epub