The collection of microbes that live in and on the human body - the human microbiome - can impact on cancer initiation, progression, and response to therapy, including cancer immunotherapy. The mechanisms by which microbiomes impact on cancers can yield new diagnostics and treatments, but much remains unknown. The interactions between microbes, diet, host factors, drugs, and cell-cell interactions within the cancer itself likely involve intricate feedbacks, and no single component can explain all the behavior of the system. Understanding the role of host-associated microbial communities in cancer systems will require a multidisciplinary approach combining microbial ecology, immunology, cancer cell biology, and computational biology - a systems biology approach.
Author Info: (1) Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: xavierj@mskcc.org. (2) Department of Internal Medi
Author Info: (1) Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: xavierj@mskcc.org. (2) Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. (3) Department of Mathematics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA. (4) GE Research, Niskayuna, NY, USA. (5) Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA. (6) Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, IL, USA. (7) Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA. (8) Program in Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA. (9) Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA. (10) Hunter College, Department of Computer Science, New York, NY, USA. (11) Center for Applied Microbiome Science, Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA. (12) Computational Biology Institute, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. (13) Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. (14) Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico. (15) Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. (16) Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. (17) Seattle Children's Research Institute, Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle, WA, USA. (18) Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA. (19) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. (20) Department of Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. (21) Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. (22) Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. (23) School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. (24) Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. (25) Departments of Medicine, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, and of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. (26) Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. (27) University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. (28) Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. (29) Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. (30) The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
