Focused on reducing severe and dose-limiting toxicities seen with prior IL-2 and IL-12 therapies, Mehta and Rakhra et al. engineered CLN-617, a first-in-class therapeutic for direct intratumoral (i.t.) administration. In a single molecule, IL-2 and IL-12 were fused to LAIR2 (for collagen binding) and HSA (for increased molecular weight), which enhanced tumor retention and minimized toxicity. In syngeneic murine tumor models, i.t. mCLN-617 mediated robust antitumor efficacy and a potent abscopal effect in untreated tumors, which was significantly enhanced with anti-PD-1, and was dependent on IFNγ upregulation, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and antigen cross-presentation.
Contributed by Katherine Turner
ABSTRACT: Despite clinical evidence of antitumor activity, the development of cytokine therapies has been hampered by a narrow therapeutic window and limited response rates. Two cytokines of high interest for clinical development are interleukin 2 (IL2) and interleukin 12 (IL12), which potently synergize to promote the activation and proliferation of T cells and NK cells. However, the only approved human IL2 therapy, Proleukin, is rarely used in the clinic due to systemic toxicities, and no IL12 product has been approved to date due to severe dose-limiting toxicities. Here, we describe CLN-617, a first-in-class therapeutic for intratumoral (IT) injection that co-delivers IL2 and IL12 on a single molecule in a safe and effective manner. CLN-617 is a single-chain fusion protein comprised of IL2, leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 2 (LAIR2), human serum albumin (HSA), and IL12. LAIR2 and HSA function to retain CLN-617 in the treated tumor by binding collagen and increasing molecular weight, respectively. We found that IT administration of a murine surrogate of CLN-617, mCLN-617, eradicated established treated and untreated tumors in syngeneic models, significantly improved response to anti-PD1 checkpoint therapy, and generated a robust abscopal response dependent on cellular immunity and antigen cross-presentation. CLN-617 is being evaluated in a clinical trial in patients with advanced solid tumors (NCT06035744).