Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive, immunotherapy-resistant brain tumor. Here, we engineered an oncolytic virus platform based on herpes simplex virus 1 for GBM viroimmunotherapy. We mutated the highly cytopathic MacIntyre strain to increase spread and oncolytic activity, limit genetic drift, prevent neuron infection and enable PET tracing. We incorporated microRNA target cassettes to attenuate replication in healthy brain cells. Moreover, we engineered the gD envelope protein to specifically target GBM using EGFR-specific or integrin-specific binders. Lastly, we incorporated five immunomodulators to remodel the tumor microenvironment (TME) by locally expressing IL-12, anti-PD1, a bispecific T cell engager, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase and anti-TREM2 to target T cells and myeloid cells in the GBM TME. A single intratumoral injection increased survival in GBM preclinical models, while promoting tumor-specific T cell, natural killer cell and myeloid cell responses in the TME. In summary, we engineered a retargeted, safe and traceable oncolytic virus with strong cytotoxic and immunostimulatory activities for GBM immunotherapy.
Author Info: (1) Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. (2) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (3) Ann Romney Center for
Author Info: (1) Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. (2) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (3) Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. (4) Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Neurology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. (5) Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. (6) Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. (7) Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. (8) Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. (9) Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. (10) Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. (11) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (12) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (13) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (14) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (15) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (16) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (17) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (18) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (19) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (20) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (21) Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. (22) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (23) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (24) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. (25) Oncorus, Inc., Andover, MA, USA. christophe@ovietx.com. (26) Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. fquintana@rics.bwh.harvard.edu. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. fquintana@rics.bwh.harvard.edu. The Gene Lay Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. fquintana@rics.bwh.harvard.edu.
